Topic 6: Instructional Courseware Design

Today's class, Madam Azida taught us about the topic, 'Instructional Courseware Design'. At first, I have no idea what is instructional courseware design. From my understanding based from Madam's explanation, instructional courseware design is a thing you need to design in the program to make or to create courseware.

As for introduction of the topic, 'Instructional Courseware Design':

• This courseware design is by creating instructional experiences which make the acquisition of knowledge and skill more interesting as a whole kind of perspective.
• It consists of figuring out:

1. the needs of the learner 
2. achieving the learning objectives
3. creating some intervention to strive the goals or objectives

• It includes two kind of learning theories which are:

1. Behaviourist Learning Theory - How human will react to a certain situation according to his senses. 
   
2. Constructivist Learning Theory - How people might acquire knowledge and learn. It therefore has direct application to education.
   

What are the learners needs?

• The gap between: 
• What the learners want to get out of education 
• The learner's current skill and knowledge 
• What the learner's need to learn?
• Needs analysis will be analyze through its:

1. Syllabus
2. Survey
3. Free writing
4. Public records

The learning outcomes:

• what should the learners achieve at the end of the learning experience. Example: learners will be able to identify the name of shapes.
• gives an idea and target of what are purposes of the learning process.
• it can be measurable to motivate students' success. Example: it is related to the students' achievement in the courseware. MARKS: 1/10, 2/10, 3/10 or until 10/10. 

WHAT IS INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN AS A WHOLE?

It could create materials and lessons to instruct learners.

- Kind of similar with lesson plan made by teachers. The difference between it was; instructional design courseware made automatically by the technology of computer while lesson plan made manually by people that called as teacher.

• Needs Analysis identifies what the learner’s need to learn
• Learning Outcome gives the lessons a unified aim to be achieved
• ISD involves:

1. Creation of syllabus
2. Planning of lesson
3. Material selection and adaptation
4. Planning of implementation and intervention

Instructional Design in CALL

• Involves creating computer courseware for learning
• Courseware acts as supplement/support to lesson and not as complete replacement

•Courseware can be designed for use inside and outside of lesson

PLATO (1960 - 2006)

Figure 1: First times when Plato was introduced for the Science studies

• PLATO stands for Programmed Logic for Automated Teaching Operations
• The first computer assisted instruction system. Specially used for Science studies.
• But then it can be programmed to teach any course
• Disadvantage: it was expensive

Now, let's learn something new. Let me introduce you the learning i just knew today which is ADDIE Model. You must be wondering what is ADDIE Model isn't it?

• It is a framework for the development of instructional coursework

- Analysis

- Design

- Development   

- Implementation 

- Evaluation

Tadaaaaa! As you can see the bold alphabets can be spelled as ADDIE. That's how ADDIE was been called. It is actually the processes and steps of a framework for the development of the project; instructional coursework.

Figure 2: ADDIE Model process

1. A) Analysis:

- identifies the objectives, learners level and needs

- WHO are the learners?

- WHAT is the desired behaviour of achievement?, WHAT are the delivery options?, WHAT are the learning theories applied?

2. D) Design:

- identifying and developing plans and strategies targeted to achieve the project goals. 

- creating a “storyboard” of what the courseware should look like. (It's like the index on your textbook. Which page or which topic do you want to select to study. But this one, you just need to click which content do you want to enter.)

3. D) Development:

- developers create and assemble content and assets based on the blueprint in the design phase

- creators develop graphics and materials and integrate them into the courseware

- testers check for bugs and errors

4. I) Implementation:

- develop procedures for the implementation of the courseware

- training facilitators and learners to use the courseware

5. E) Evaluation:

- evaluating the impact of the courseware. There are two kinds of evaluation:

i) Formative evaluation:

- You will think from every aspects such as its: 

• Effectiveness 
• Usefulness 
• Relevancy

ii) Summative evaluation:

• Effectiveness of the courseware as a whole. It can be adopted, continued or modified for improvement. 

That's it. I need my rest. Hehhe. Thank you for your time. I will come back to write again and share with you guys with much more topics. 

❤️ Lyana